In this lesson, we learn what commerce is all about. We also learn the branches of commerce as well as the nature and functions of each branch. The lesson also examines the relationship between commerce, trade, and industry. What Is Commerce? In order to better explain what commerce is, let us take the example ….  Read More

  TRADE Trade involves the transfer of goods or services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. Economists refer to a system or network that allows trade as a market.. An early form of trade, barter, saw the direct exchange of goods and services for other goods and services. [need quotation ….  Read More

       SS 2 1st C A on Commerce, Christmas Term.   1. Write ‘How you intend to start a business as a “Sole Proprietor”. 2. When starting a business, one of the first decisions of the owner, is to choose a structure to use. Write the difference between these business structures: sole proprietorship ….  Read More

  SS2 1st  CA, Bookkeeping. Christmas Term.       What is single entry system ?     Prepare a single column and  double column  single entry system  of bookkeeping with the information below.   April 7, capital ₦7000, April 9, purchased goods ₦2000,00,  April 12, sold toiletries ₦2000,00,  April 14 sold plates, ₦5000.00 April ….  Read More

  Lesson 4 Retail Trade. Retail trade is the business activity associated with the sale of goods to the final consumer, the ultimate customer. It is the link between wholesalers or manufacturers and the customers of the product. Typically retailers sell goods in small quantities to consumers for personal use, not for resale or business ….  Read More

  Lesson 6 Factors to Consider Before Starting a Retail Business . Base on the definition that Retail trade is the business activity associated with the sale of goods to the final consumer, who is the ultimate customer. That is…. The link between wholesalers or manufacturers and the customers of the product. Entrepreneurs intending to ….  Read More

        YHWH HAMASCHIAC School Examination. Term: Christmas. Subject: Commerce. Class: SS2. Time : 1 hr 30 minutes. Instruction: Answer 4 questions. Question 3 and 4 very compulsory.   1. What is SWOT analysis? 2. How can SWOT analysis be used to evaluate existing business. 3. List out 3 factors to consider before ….  Read More

         History of Public Enterprise ( PE) Public enterprises ( PEs) came into existence as a result of the expanding scope of public administration. The advent of the concept of welfare state after the Second World War and the increasing developmental initiative undertaken by Government across the world, the system of public ….  Read More

   History of Public Enterprise ( PE) Public enterprises ( PEs) came into existence as a result of the expanding scope of public administration. The advent of the concept of welfare state after the Second World War and the increasing developmental initiative undertaken by Government across the world, the system of public enterprises was developed. ….  Read More

    Trade Associations       Definition of Trade Associations “A trade association is a voluntary organization of independent business units in the same branch of industry, which conducts co-operatively activities aimed at improving the welfare of the group, which does not deprive its members of the power to make essential managerial decisions.” Trade ….  Read More

                                    Chamber of Commerce   What Is a Chamber of Commerce? A chamber of commerce is an association or network of business people designed to promote and protect the interests of its members. A chamber of commerce, sometimes ….  Read More

The Consortium.   What Is a Consortium? A consortium is a group made up of two or more individuals, companies, or governments that work together to achieving a common objective. Entities that participate in a consortium pool resources but are otherwise only responsible for the obligations that are set out in the consortium’s agreement. Every ….  Read More

     Foreign or International Trade.     International trade is the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders or territories  due to a need or want of goods or services. In most countries, such trade represents a significant share of gross domestic product (GDP). International trade has been  existing throughout history , for example Uttarapatha, Silk Road, Amber ….  Read More

             Barriers to Foreign Trade   Trade barriers are government-induced restrictions on international trade, which generally decrease overall economic efficiency. LEARNING OBJECTIVES Explain the different types of trade barriers and their economic effect KEY TAKEAWAYS Key Points Trade barriers cause a limited choice of products and, therefore, would force customers ….  Read More

    YHWH HAMASCHIAC School, SS2 Commerce C.A.  Easter Term.   Time: 1 hour 30mins. Instruction: answer all questions.     1. List out 4 features of co-operative society • 2. Why do cultural barriers exist in foreign trade? Explain with reasons stated. • 3. Mention 4 barriers to foreign trade. 4 What is Consortium? ….  Read More