(b) Ecological factor; agnatic, terrestrial and factors common to all habitats

(b) Simple measurement of ecological factors

(c) Measuring instruments

1. producers (autotrophs)

i. consumers (heterotrophs)

ii. Aquatic and terrestrial examples of producers and consumers

(b) Tropical levels

1. food chain

ii. food web non cycle nature of chemical energy transfer Nutrient movement

1. Solar radiation

ii. Energy loss in the biosphere

iii. measures of primary protection

(b) Laws of thermodynamics

– First and second law.

Application of both laws to ecological phenomena

(c) Classification of plants

i. Botanical

ii. Agricultural

iii. Classifications based on life cycle

i. Bush cleaning/ burning

ii. tillage

iii. Fertilization/ herbicide and their effects

iv. effects of different types of farming on ecological system

(b) Pests and diseases of agricultural importance.

i. knowledge of pests (types, life cycles, control)

ii. diseases (types, control)

i. Ways of improving crop yield

ii. Causes of wastage

iii. Methods of preserving and storing food

(b) Population growth and food supply

(c) Relationship between availability of food and human population

(d) Government efforts to increase food production

• Identification of micro-organisms in air, pond water, river, stream
• Microorganisms in our bodies
• Carriers of microorganisms
• Types of microorganisms

(b) Growth of microorganisms

• Beneficial effects
• Harmful effects

(c) Diseases caused by microorganisms

– Vectors (1) definition (ii)ways of controlling vectors

– students health: maintenance of good health

(a) importance to community

(b) ways in which communities do these

i. refuse disposal

ii. sewage disposal

iii. protection of water

iv. protection of food

v. control of diseases

vi. Health organizations