JSS 2 Civic Education, Easter Term, Lesson III: Protection of Human Rights and the Rule of Law.
Performance of Objectives:
At the end of this lesson, students should be able to:
1. Explain how individuals and groups can assist in protecting human rights and the rule of law.
2. Identify some groups that help in protecting human rights of citizens.
THE ROLE OF INDIVIDUALS IN PROTECTING HUMAN RIGHTS
Individuals or private citizens play various roles in the protection of human rights.Such are:
1.Representing the affected persons in court
Lawyers, journalists and some public spirit individuals have taken up cases of human rights violation or abuse to court. Gani Fawehmi the late human rights activities was known for this. Also, erudite lawyers, Festus Keyamo has taken up cases of abuse of citizens rights to court. Well placed individuals especially human rights lawyers, activitist and public spirited persons have sponsored legal actions against human rights viotations. There was the case against Pfyzer, a pharmaceutical company for deaths resulting from the consumption of one of its drugs. This was in Kano. Pfyzer was compelled by the court to pay compensation to the victims family.
2. Drawing attention to cases of human rights violations
Journalists and social commentators have brought to public attention, cases of human rights abuses. Newspaper editorials and commentaries draw public attention to cases and instances of human rights viotation. Much was done in this regard to highlight the plight of families who lost their dear ones in the air crash involving military officers on national assignment during the register of Babangida in 1992. There was also the case of NYSC members who lost their lives in Bauchi State, following the mayhem that greeted the declaration of the presidential election result in April 2011. The NYSC members involved served as INEC adhoc election workers.
Protest matches are usually staged by concerned citizens against cases of human rights violation. Example, Abia State Women, in 2011, protested against rampant and incessant kidnapping of people in the state. Moslem women in Jos, Plateau State protested against the harassment and killings of innocent children in the state. The Save Nigeria Group (SNG) led serveral protest matches against the plot to stop Goodluck Jonathan from succeeding late Umaru Yaradua in 2010. Save Nigeria Group also led mass rallies and protests against the Federal Government’s removal of oil subsidy and increase in fuel price from N65.00 to N140.00 in 2012.
There were cases against the the military government in Nigeria for various acts of human rights violation. The NADECO (National Democratic Coalition) was a powerful voice against human rights violation during the regimes of Babangida and Abacha. The NADECO took the government to court against human rights violations.
Groups That Assist in Protecting Human Rights of Citizens.
There are
(1).Civil Society Organizations
Civil society organizations are formed to protect and advance values which sustain society especially fundamental human rights, democracy and good governance. They fight against arbitrary exercise of powers, electoral malpractice, oppression and injustice especially by government. They promote press freedom and the liberty of citizens. When the fundamental rights of citizens are violated, they fight through constitutional methods like peaceful demonstrations, protest match and legal actions.
The save Nigeria Group (SNG) campaigned for clectoral reforms, free and fair elections, one man, one vote elections in Nigeria. The National Democratic Coalition (NADECO), fought for the restoration of democracy and the end to military rule in Nigeria. The women for change and Development initiative has promoted gender equality and rights of women. E.t.c
(2). Trade Unions: Trade unions are unions that serve the interest and welfare of their members.
They bargain for an improve condition of service of workers. Trade unions protect the rights of workers and fight against any form of violation of the labour laws by employers. Trade unions adopt constitutional methods to press for workers demands. These include, warning strike, peaceful demonstrations, protest match, work to rule and total strike. The national labour congress in collaboration with Civil Society Organizations organized several days of mass rallies, workers’ strike to fight the withdrawal of petroleum subsidy and hike in price of petrol in early 2012. The ASUU also, in 2011 embarked on strike for months against, poor conditions of the Nigeria Universities and University lecturers. Also, in 2013 ASUU, shot down and was on strike for six months on the same subject. Example, trade unions are the Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC) the Trade Union Congress (TUC) Nigeria Medical Association (NMA) Nigeria Union of Teachers (NUT), (ASUU) Academic Staff Union of Universities. Nigeria Bar Association.
3. Students Unions: these unions are primarily established to protect and promote the rights of student members. Such rights include, good and comfortable hostel accommodation, conducive learning environment and affordable school fees. Students unions also moderate the interests and demands of students to conform with what the university authorities can afford. Students onions organized protests and demonstrations against bad policies of government or university administration. Such protest can get out of hand and turn onto riots, if the grievances of the protesting students are not promptly addressed.
(4). Ethnic Associations: Ethnic associations promote and protect the interest and rights of their members. Nigeria is a multi ethnic nation,(about 250 ethnic groups). The major ethnic associations in Nigeria are the Afenifere, Arewa Consultative Forum, Ohaneze Ndi Igbo, Odua People Congress, Ijaw National Congress, Movement for the Actualisation of the sovereignty State of Biafra( MASSOB). Each ethnic associations prime interest is on how to better the lots of it members in the nation’s scheme of things.
5. Legal Aid Council: The legal aid council is a body of lawyers which offers free legal services to citizens in need but cannot afford to pay for legal services. It represents such persons and provides legal services to them in the interest of justice. It is a way of furthering human rights because one of the tenders or principles of the rule of law is that the accused should have access to legal services which include the right to be represented by a lawyer in court.
Class work
1. In what two ways individuals can assist in protecting human rights?
2. Mention three groups that can assist in protecting human rights.
Submit immediately.
JSS 2 Civic Education, Easter Term, Lesson III: Protection of Human Rights and the Rule of Law.
Performance of Objectives:
At the end of this lesson, students should be able to:
1. Explain how individuals and groups can assist in protecting human rights and the rule of law.
2. Identify some groups that help in protecting human rights of citizens.
THE ROLE OF INDIVIDUALS IN PROTECTING HUMAN RIGHTS
Individuals or private citizens play various roles in the protection of human rights.Such are:
1.Representing the affected persons in court
Lawyers, journalists and some public spirit individuals have taken up cases of human rights violation or abuse to court. Gani Fawehmi the late human rights activities was known for this. Also, erudite lawyers, Festus Keyamo has taken up cases of abuse of citizens rights to court. Well placed individuals especially human rights lawyers, activitist and public spirited persons have sponsored legal actions against human rights viotations. There was the case against Pfyzer, a pharmaceutical company for deaths resulting from the consumption of one of its drugs. This was in Kano. Pfyzer was compelled by the court to pay compensation to the victims family.
2. Drawing attention to cases of human rights violations
Journalists and social commentators have brought to public attention, cases of human rights abuses. Newspaper editorials and commentaries draw public attention to cases and instances of human rights viotation. Much was done in this regard to highlight the plight of families who lost their dear ones in the air crash involving military officers on national assignment during the register of Babangida in 1992. There was also the case of NYSC members who lost their lives in Bauchi State, following the mayhem that greeted the declaration of the presidential election result in April 2011. The NYSC members involved served as INEC adhoc election workers.
Protest matches are usually staged by concerned citizens against cases of human rights violation. Example, Abia State Women, in 2011, protested against rampant and incessant kidnapping of people in the state. Moslem women in Jos, Plateau State protested against the harassment and killings of innocent children in the state. The Save Nigeria Group (SNG) led serveral protest matches against the plot to stop Goodluck Jonathan from succeeding late Umaru Yaradua in 2010. Save Nigeria Group also led mass rallies and protests against the Federal Government’s removal of oil subsidy and increase in fuel price from N65.00 to N140.00 in 2012.
There were cases against the the military government in Nigeria for various acts of human rights violation. The NADECO (National Democratic Coalition) was a powerful voice against human rights violation during the regimes of Babangida and Abacha. The NADECO took the government to court against human rights violations.
Groups That Assist in Protecting Human Rights of Citizens.
There are
(1).Civil Society Organizations
Civil society organizations are formed to protect and advance values which sustain society especially fundamental human rights, democracy and good governance. They fight against arbitrary exercise of powers, electoral malpractice, oppression and injustice especially by government. They promote press freedom and the liberty of citizens. When the fundamental rights of citizens are violated, they fight through constitutional methods like peaceful demonstrations, protest match and legal actions.
The save Nigeria Group (SNG) campaigned for clectoral reforms, free and fair elections, one man, one vote elections in Nigeria. The National Democratic Coalition (NADECO), fought for the restoration of democracy and the end to military rule in Nigeria. The women for change and Development initiative has promoted gender equality and rights of women. E.t.c
(2). Trade Unions: Trade unions are unions that serve the interest and welfare of their members.
They bargain for an improve condition of service of workers. Trade unions protect the rights of workers and fight against any form of violation of the labour laws by employers. Trade unions adopt constitutional methods to press for workers demands. These include, warning strike, peaceful demonstrations, protest match, work to rule and total strike. The national labour congress in collaboration with Civil Society Organizations organized several days of mass rallies, workers’ strike to fight the withdrawal of petroleum subsidy and hike in price of petrol in early 2012. The ASUU also, in 2011 embarked on strike for months against, poor conditions of the Nigeria Universities and University lecturers. Also, in 2013 ASUU, shot down and was on strike for six months on the same subject. Example, trade unions are the Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC) the Trade Union Congress (TUC) Nigeria Medical Association (NMA) Nigeria Union of Teachers (NUT), (ASUU) Academic Staff Union of Universities. Nigeria Bar Association.
3. Students Unions: these unions are primarily established to protect and promote the rights of student members. Such rights include, good and comfortable hostel accommodation, conducive learning environment and affordable school fees. Students unions also moderate the interests and demands of students to conform with what the university authorities can afford. Students onions organized protests and demonstrations against bad policies of government or university administration. Such protest can get out of hand and turn onto riots, if the grievances of the protesting students are not promptly addressed.
(4). Ethnic Associations: Ethnic associations promote and protect the interest and rights of their members. Nigeria is a multi ethnic nation,(about 250 ethnic groups). The major ethnic associations in Nigeria are the Afenifere, Arewa Consultative Forum, Ohaneze Ndi Igbo, Odua People Congress, Ijaw National Congress, Movement for the Actualisation of the sovereignty State of Biafra( MASSOB). Each ethnic associations prime interest is on how to better the lots of it members in the nation’s scheme of things.
5. Legal Aid Council: The legal aid council is a body of lawyers which offers free legal services to citizens in need but cannot afford to pay for legal services. It represents such persons and provides legal services to them in the interest of justice. It is a way of furthering human rights because one of the tenders or principles of the rule of law is that the accused should have access to legal services which include the right to be represented by a lawyer in court.
Class work
1. In what two ways individuals can assist in protecting human rights?
2. Mention three groups that can assist in protecting human rights.
Submit immediately.
Lessons
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